WORK LIFE BALANCE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE KENYA PORTS AUTHORITY IN MOMBASA COUNTY, KENYA
Abstract views: 591
PDF downloads: 708
Keywords:
Employees’ Work-Life Balance Practices, Employee Performance and Kenya Ports AuthorityAbstract
Purpose: The main objective was to establish the effects of employees’ work-life balance practices on Employee Performance in the Kenya Ports Authority, Mombasa.
Materials and Methods: The study employed descriptive research design. The target population of this study was the entire employee population of KPA which is a total of 6474 employees with four distinct categories. The sample size was 99 respondents. A questionnaire with open-ended and closed -ended questions was designed to collect primary data. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used to help analyze the data and produce descriptive statistics and identify the different factors affecting employee performance. The data was analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The data was analyzed into tables, percentages, pie charts and graphs were also used.
Results: The study established that employee welfare support wielded a significant effect on employee performance. The study also established that, there existed a strong positive correlation between employee dependents care and support. The study also found that, employee leave programs wields positive impact on employee performance. The study also showed that a significant positive correlation exists between flexible work programs and employee performance, which registered an R-value of about 0.678.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that organizations need to facilitate programs that guarantee job security to the employees as the primary strategy for work motivation. Corporate organizations must commit to invest in building decent and well maintained sanitary facilities to elevate standards of hygiene conditions. The organizations need to invest on recreational facilities within the workplace to give employees access to decent work environment.
Key words: Employees’ Work-Life Balance Practices, Employee Performance and Kenya Ports Authority
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abramovitz, M. (2017). Regulating the lives of women: Social welfare policy from colonial times to the present. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Acas Report (2013) Flexible Working and Work-Life Balance
Aliya.I,farah.L,Maiya.I & Hina.M (2015) Factors affecting the Employee Performance; A case Study of banking sector in Pakstan:A European journal of Business and Social sciences Vol 4,No 08.
Amber T et al (2012) Work Life Balance as a best Practice Model of HRM: a win - win situational tool for the employees and organizations.
Akrishnan R. & Rajarajan M. (2015) Labour Welfare Measures and Programmes Towards Transport Corporation Ltd in Tamil Nadu: An International Journal of World Research.
Asharaf G., Kadir S. (2012) A Review on The Models of Organizational Effectiveness: A Look at Cameron’s Model in Higher Education.
Anantha A.A. (2013) A Qualitative Study on Causes & Effects of Employee Turnover in The Private Sector in Malaysia: Case Study of Sagarmatha Nepalese Restaurant-Vantaa. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 16(11), 1532-1141.
Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International journal of productivity and performance management, 63(3), 308 – 375.
Baum, C. L., & Ruhm, C. J. (2016). The effects of paid family leave in California on labor market outcomes. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 35(2), 333-356.
Birtch, T. A., Chiang, F. F., & Van Esch, E. (2016). A social exchange theory framework for understanding the job characteristics–job outcomes relationship: the mediating role of psychological contract fulfillment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(11), 1217-1236.
Cengiz E. (2010) Measuring Customer Satisfaction: Must or Not? Journal of Naval Science & Engineering Vol. 6, No. 2 PP 78-88.
Coffey, M., Coufopoulos, A., & Kinghorn, K. (2014). Barriers to employment for visually impaired women. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 7(3), 171-185.
Defee C., Williams B., Randall W. & Thomas R., (2010) An Inventory of Theory in Logistics and Supply Chain Management Research. The international journal of logic management,21(2) 404-486.
Deshwal.P (2015) Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements in the MCNs of Delhi: International Journal of Applied Science Vol 1, No 13
Gitonga.M, Kingi.W & Jean U (2016) Effects of Employee Welfare Programmes on Employee performance: International Journal of Business Administration.
Greer, I. (2016). Welfare Reform, Precarity and the Re-commodification of Labor. Work, employment and society, 30(1), 162-173.
Hobson B. (2014) Work Life Balance: The Agency and capabilities Gap, Oxford University Press.
Hyung P., Annalyn C.Jacob, Stephen H. &Mavis B. (2013) Job Control and Burnout: A Meta – Analytical Test of Conservation of Resource Model.
ILO (2014). In Search of Good Quality Part time Employment
Jeruto P. (2014) Effectiveness of medical Schemes on Employee Satisfaction: A Case of Police Personnel in Eldoret West Sub-county, Kenya
Jibi G.A. (2012) Service Quality & Customer Satisfaction in the Restaurant Business: A Case Study of Sagarmatha Nepalese Restaurant-Vantaa.
John D. (2016) Child Care Demands an Employee Performance: The Moderating Influence of Team Support.
Kathleen A., Kathleen M., Taylor J. &The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (2013) Breastfeeding Support for Mothers in Work place, Employment or Educational Settings, vol 8, No 1
Kithaka J. (2015) Three Pillars of Success: Spiritual, Social & Economic, Aura Books. KPA Business Plan 2012/13-2014/15
Letinina (2011) Investigating Motivational Factors Affecting Employee Work Performance: A Survey of Public Secondary School Teachers in Laikipia County.
Logasakthi K. & Rajagopal K. (2013) A Study on Employee Health, Safety and Welfare Measures of the Chemical Industry in view of Salem region: International Journal of Research in Business Management Volume 1, Issue 1
Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., ... & Lu, L. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work‐to‐family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied psychology, 61(1), 1-29.
Mbaabu C. (2013) Effects of Work place Recreation on Employee Well-being and Performance: A Case of the Commission for University Education.
Miami Dade County (2010) A Guide to Managing Mental Health Issues vol 20: Providing Employee Support in the Workplace.
Mohamed I. (2015) Kenya Port Authority Development Plan of Mombasa Port.
Muda I., Rafiki A & Rezeki M. (2014) Factors Influencing Employee’s Performance: A Study on the Islamic Banks in Indonesia, International Journal of Business & Social sciences Vol. 5, No. 2.
Muinde, A.N.W. (2013). The Extent to Which Work Life Balance Practices Are Adopted In Horticultural Farms in Naivasha Kenya
Muli J, Muathe and Muchiri (2014) Human Resource Work-Family Support Services and Employee performance within the banking industry in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Mwaka F. (2013) Influence of Occupational Safety and Health Practices on Employee Performance. A case of Kenya Ferry Services Mombasa.
Muthukumar.M,savitha.R & Kannadas.P (2014). Work Life balance: Global Journal of Finance and management Vol 6 No 9.
Neal, M. B., & Hammer, L. B. (2017). Working couples caring for children and aging parents: Effects on work and well-being. Psychology Press.
Ngeno K.W & Muathe S.M.A (2014) A Critical review of Literature on Employee Wellness programs in Kenya: An International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol 4 Number 8
Nika, E. (2016). The effect of perceived organizational support on organizational commitment and employee performance. Journal of Self-Governance and Management Economics, 4(4), 34-40.
Nyema.J (2013)Application of the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need Theory; Impacts and Implications on Organizational Culture, Human Resource and Employee’s Performance: International Journal of Business and Management Invention Vol 2, Issue 3.
Nyema, S. M. (2014). Factors Influencing Container Terminals Efficiency: A case Study of Mombasa Entry Port. European Journal of Logistics Purchasing and Supply Chain Management, 2(3), 39-78.
Ofori J and Natsiful A (2015) Childcare Demands and Employee Performance: The Moderating Influence of Team Support.
Ogolla (2013) Effects of Quality Work Life on the performance of Public health Workers in Kenya.
Patten, M. L. (2016). Proposing empirical research: A guide to the fundamentals. Oxfordshire, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Pattu.S, venkata.S,& Ravichandran.K (2013) The Importance of Work Life Balance:ISOR Journal of Business and management Vol 14,issue 3
Payne, M. (2015). Modern social work theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Ruto, W. K. & Datche, E. (2015) Logistical factors influencing port performance. A case of Kenya Ports Authority (KPA). International Journal of Current Research and Review, 7 (12), 52-59.
Safaricom UNCOP Report (2011/2012): Safaricom Ltd Kenya
Schmidt-Catran, A. W., & Spies, D. C. (2016). Immigration and welfare support in Germany. American Sociological Review, 81(2), 242-261.
Srinivas (2013) A Study on Employee Welfare facilities Adopted at Bosch Ltd, Bangalore, India.
Tammy D., Ryan J., Kaitlin M. & Kristen S. (2013) Work family Conflict and Flexible Work Arrangements: Deconstructing Flexibility
Tiwari U. (2014) A Study of Employee Welfare Facilities and its Impact on Employee efficiency at Vindha telelinks Ltd India:Abhinav International Monthly Refereed Journal of Research in Management & Technology
Thies, C. G., & Breuning, M. (2012). Integrating foreign policy analysis and international relations through role theory. Foreign Policy Analysis, 8(1), 1-4.
Travis, D. J., Lizano, E. L., & Mor Barak, M. E. (2015). ‘I'm so stressed!’: A longitudinal model of stress, burnout and engagement among social workers in child welfare settings. The British Journal of Social Work, 46(4), 1076-1095.
Turner, F. J. (2017). Social work treatment: Interlocking theoretical approaches. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Waititu.F,Kihara.P & Senaji.T (2017) Effects of Employee Welfare Programmes on Employee Performance: A Case of Kenya Railways Corporation
Wayan.S,Surachman,Djumilah.H & Fatchur.R (2016)Performance-Based Compensation Effect on Employee Motivation, Satisfaction of Employees, and Performance of Employees (Study on Private Universities in the Province of Bali): Conceptual Frameworks.
Weldon K. (2013). An Analysis of performance of Container Freight stations in the Port of Mombasa Kenya. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(10), 731-738.
Weldon.K &Muathe SME (2014) A Critical Review of literature on Employee Wellness programs in Kenya: International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol 4, No 8.
Yakwara J., Shiundu J. & Gongera G. (2014) Evaluation of Employee Welfare Facilities as an Intervention Strategy of Industrial Unrest on Organizational Performance: A Case of Mumias Sugar Company. European Journal of Business Management, 6 (29), 345 – 362.
Yashik P.M. (2014). A Study about Labour Welfare and Social security measures in India. International Journal of management,2(8), 201 – 224.
Zeynep.O & Mert.O (2014) A Managerial Point of View on the Relationship between of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Dual Factor Theory: International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 7
Acas Report (2013) Flexible Working and Work-Life Balance
Aliya.I,farah.L,Maiya.I & Hina.M (2015) Factors affecting the Employee Performance; A case Study of banking sector in Pakstan:A European journal of Business and Social sciences Vol 4,No 08.
Amber T et al (2012) Work Life Balance as a best Practice Model of HRM: a win - win situational tool for the employees and organizations.
Akrishnan R. & Rajarajan M. (2015) Labour Welfare Measures and Programmes Towards Transport Corporation Ltd in Tamil Nadu: An International Journal of World Research.
Asharaf G., Kadir S. (2012) A Review on The Models of Organizational Effectiveness: A Look at Cameron’s Model in Higher Education.
Anantha A.A. (2013) A Qualitative Study on Causes & Effects of Employee Turnover in The Private Sector in Malaysia: Case Study of Sagarmatha Nepalese Restaurant-Vantaa. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research, 16(11), 1532-1141.
Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International journal of productivity and performance management, 63(3), 308 – 375.
Baum, C. L., & Ruhm, C. J. (2016). The effects of paid family leave in California on labor market outcomes. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 35(2), 333-356.
Birtch, T. A., Chiang, F. F., & Van Esch, E. (2016). A social exchange theory framework for understanding the job characteristics–job outcomes relationship: the mediating role of psychological contract fulfillment. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(11), 1217-1236.
Cengiz E. (2010) Measuring Customer Satisfaction: Must or Not? Journal of Naval Science & Engineering Vol. 6, No. 2 PP 78-88.
Coffey, M., Coufopoulos, A., & Kinghorn, K. (2014). Barriers to employment for visually impaired women. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 7(3), 171-185.
Defee C., Williams B., Randall W. & Thomas R., (2010) An Inventory of Theory in Logistics and Supply Chain Management Research. The international journal of logic management,21(2) 404-486.
Deshwal.P (2015) Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements in the MCNs of Delhi: International Journal of Applied Science Vol 1, No 13
Gitonga.M, Kingi.W & Jean U (2016) Effects of Employee Welfare Programmes on Employee performance: International Journal of Business Administration.
Greer, I. (2016). Welfare Reform, Precarity and the Re-commodification of Labor. Work, employment and society, 30(1), 162-173.
Hobson B. (2014) Work Life Balance: The Agency and capabilities Gap, Oxford University Press.
Hyung P., Annalyn C.Jacob, Stephen H. &Mavis B. (2013) Job Control and Burnout: A Meta – Analytical Test of Conservation of Resource Model.
ILO (2014). In Search of Good Quality Part time Employment
Jeruto P. (2014) Effectiveness of medical Schemes on Employee Satisfaction: A Case of Police Personnel in Eldoret West Sub-county, Kenya
Jibi G.A. (2012) Service Quality & Customer Satisfaction in the Restaurant Business: A Case Study of Sagarmatha Nepalese Restaurant-Vantaa.
John D. (2016) Child Care Demands an Employee Performance: The Moderating Influence of Team Support.
Kathleen A., Kathleen M., Taylor J. &The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (2013) Breastfeeding Support for Mothers in Work place, Employment or Educational Settings, vol 8, No 1
Kithaka J. (2015) Three Pillars of Success: Spiritual, Social & Economic, Aura Books. KPA Business Plan 2012/13-2014/15
Letinina (2011) Investigating Motivational Factors Affecting Employee Work Performance: A Survey of Public Secondary School Teachers in Laikipia County.
Logasakthi K. & Rajagopal K. (2013) A Study on Employee Health, Safety and Welfare Measures of the Chemical Industry in view of Salem region: International Journal of Research in Business Management Volume 1, Issue 1
Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., ... & Lu, L. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work‐to‐family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A comparison of three country clusters. Applied psychology, 61(1), 1-29.
Mbaabu C. (2013) Effects of Work place Recreation on Employee Well-being and Performance: A Case of the Commission for University Education.
Miami Dade County (2010) A Guide to Managing Mental Health Issues vol 20: Providing Employee Support in the Workplace.
Mohamed I. (2015) Kenya Port Authority Development Plan of Mombasa Port.
Muda I., Rafiki A & Rezeki M. (2014) Factors Influencing Employee’s Performance: A Study on the Islamic Banks in Indonesia, International Journal of Business & Social sciences Vol. 5, No. 2.
Muinde, A.N.W. (2013). The Extent to Which Work Life Balance Practices Are Adopted In Horticultural Farms in Naivasha Kenya
Muli J, Muathe and Muchiri (2014) Human Resource Work-Family Support Services and Employee performance within the banking industry in Nairobi County, Kenya.
Mwaka F. (2013) Influence of Occupational Safety and Health Practices on Employee Performance. A case of Kenya Ferry Services Mombasa.
Muthukumar.M,savitha.R & Kannadas.P (2014). Work Life balance: Global Journal of Finance and management Vol 6 No 9.
Neal, M. B., & Hammer, L. B. (2017). Working couples caring for children and aging parents: Effects on work and well-being. Psychology Press.
Ngeno K.W & Muathe S.M.A (2014) A Critical review of Literature on Employee Wellness programs in Kenya: An International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol 4 Number 8
Nika, E. (2016). The effect of perceived organizational support on organizational commitment and employee performance. Journal of Self-Governance and Management Economics, 4(4), 34-40.
Nyema.J (2013)Application of the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need Theory; Impacts and Implications on Organizational Culture, Human Resource and Employee’s Performance: International Journal of Business and Management Invention Vol 2, Issue 3.
Nyema, S. M. (2014). Factors Influencing Container Terminals Efficiency: A case Study of Mombasa Entry Port. European Journal of Logistics Purchasing and Supply Chain Management, 2(3), 39-78.
Ofori J and Natsiful A (2015) Childcare Demands and Employee Performance: The Moderating Influence of Team Support.
Ogolla (2013) Effects of Quality Work Life on the performance of Public health Workers in Kenya.
Patten, M. L. (2016). Proposing empirical research: A guide to the fundamentals. Oxfordshire, UK: Taylor & Francis.
Pattu.S, venkata.S,& Ravichandran.K (2013) The Importance of Work Life Balance:ISOR Journal of Business and management Vol 14,issue 3
Payne, M. (2015). Modern social work theory. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Ruto, W. K. & Datche, E. (2015) Logistical factors influencing port performance. A case of Kenya Ports Authority (KPA). International Journal of Current Research and Review, 7 (12), 52-59.
Safaricom UNCOP Report (2011/2012): Safaricom Ltd Kenya
Schmidt-Catran, A. W., & Spies, D. C. (2016). Immigration and welfare support in Germany. American Sociological Review, 81(2), 242-261.
Srinivas (2013) A Study on Employee Welfare facilities Adopted at Bosch Ltd, Bangalore, India.
Tammy D., Ryan J., Kaitlin M. & Kristen S. (2013) Work family Conflict and Flexible Work Arrangements: Deconstructing Flexibility
Tiwari U. (2014) A Study of Employee Welfare Facilities and its Impact on Employee efficiency at Vindha telelinks Ltd India:Abhinav International Monthly Refereed Journal of Research in Management & Technology
Thies, C. G., & Breuning, M. (2012). Integrating foreign policy analysis and international relations through role theory. Foreign Policy Analysis, 8(1), 1-4.
Travis, D. J., Lizano, E. L., & Mor Barak, M. E. (2015). ‘I'm so stressed!’: A longitudinal model of stress, burnout and engagement among social workers in child welfare settings. The British Journal of Social Work, 46(4), 1076-1095.
Turner, F. J. (2017). Social work treatment: Interlocking theoretical approaches. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Waititu.F,Kihara.P & Senaji.T (2017) Effects of Employee Welfare Programmes on Employee Performance: A Case of Kenya Railways Corporation
Wayan.S,Surachman,Djumilah.H & Fatchur.R (2016)Performance-Based Compensation Effect on Employee Motivation, Satisfaction of Employees, and Performance of Employees (Study on Private Universities in the Province of Bali): Conceptual Frameworks.
Weldon K. (2013). An Analysis of performance of Container Freight stations in the Port of Mombasa Kenya. International Journal of Advanced Research, 1(10), 731-738.
Weldon.K &Muathe SME (2014) A Critical Review of literature on Employee Wellness programs in Kenya: International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol 4, No 8.
Yakwara J., Shiundu J. & Gongera G. (2014) Evaluation of Employee Welfare Facilities as an Intervention Strategy of Industrial Unrest on Organizational Performance: A Case of Mumias Sugar Company. European Journal of Business Management, 6 (29), 345 – 362.
Yashik P.M. (2014). A Study about Labour Welfare and Social security measures in India. International Journal of management,2(8), 201 – 224.
Zeynep.O & Mert.O (2014) A Managerial Point of View on the Relationship between of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg’s Dual Factor Theory: International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 7
Downloads
Published
2018-12-04
How to Cite
Munyiva, M. J., & Wainaina, D. L. (2018). WORK LIFE BALANCE AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE KENYA PORTS AUTHORITY IN MOMBASA COUNTY, KENYA. Journal of Human Resource and Leadership, 3(4), 16 – 42. Retrieved from https://www.iprjb.org/journals/index.php/JHRL/article/view/784
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
