The Role of Genes and Proteins in Neurons Functioning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47604/ijb.1997Keywords:
Genes, Proteins, Neurons FunctioningAbstract
Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine the role of genes and proteins in neurons functioning.
Methodology: This study adopted a desktop methodology. This study used secondary data from which include review of existing literature from already published studies and reports that was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study revealed that genes and proteins play pivotal roles in the functioning of neurons, contributing to the complex processes involved in neural development, communication, and plasticity. Genes provide the instructions for the production of proteins, which act as the building blocks and functional molecules within cells. The interplay between genes and proteins is essential for various neuronal processes, including synaptic transmission, neural circuit formation, and the modulation of neuronal activity.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was anchored on the theory of synaptic plasticity which was proposed by Donald Hebb and the theory of neurotransmission which was pioneered by Otto Loewi. The study recommends that policies should be developed to promote genetic screening and testing for neurological disorders, allowing for early interventions and improved outcomes.
Downloads
References
Ali, F., & Kwan, A. C. (2020). Interpreting in vivo calcium signals from neuronal cell bodies, axons, and dendrites: a review. Neurophotonics, 7(1), 011402-011402.
Bala, A., & Gupta, B. M. (2010). Mapping of Indian neuroscience research: A scientometric analysis of research output during 1999-2008. Neurology India, 58(1), 35.
Boulanger, L. M. (2018). Immune proteins in brain development and synaptic plasticity. Neuron, 100(3), 389-411.
Brown, (2019). Protein Z regulates synaptic transmission and plasticity in cultured neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology, 121(2), 758-767. doi: 10.1152/jn.00785.2018
Chen, T. W., Wardill, T. J., Sun, Y., Pulver, S. R., Renninger, S. L., Baohan, A., ... & Kim, D. S. (2013). Ultrasensitive fluorescent proteins for imaging neuronal activity. Nature, 499(7458), 295-300.
Chen, W., Prakash, N., Kao, J. P., & Bao, S. (2020). Synaptic Plasticity in a Thalamocortical Circuit Underlying Acute and Chronic Pain. Neuron, 106(5), 715-723.
Donald, K. A., Maina, M., Patel, N., Nguemeni, C., Mohammed, W., Abubakar, A., ... & Newton, C. R. (2022). What is next in African neuroscience?. Elife, 11, e80488.
Dressler, W. W., Balieiro, M. C., de Araújo, L. F., Silva Jr, W. A., & Dos Santos, J. E. (2016). Culture as a mediator of gene-environment interaction: Cultural consonance, childhood adversity, a 2A serotonin receptor polymorphism, and depression in urban Brazil. Social Science & Medicine, 161, 109-117.
Gao, (2016). Dysregulated gene-protein interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders. Molecular Psychiatry, 21(4), 486-495. doi: 10.1038/mp.2015.165
Higher Education Statistics Agency. (2018). Higher Education Student Statistics: UK, 2016/17. Retrieved from https://www.hesa.ac.uk/data-and-analysis/students/whos-in-he
Johnson, (2018). Gene Y regulates neuronal circuit development and behavior in mice. Developmental Neurobiology, 78(6), 546-556. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22575
Johnson, (2022). Dynamic protein-protein interactions in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 16, 676425. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.676425
Jones, B., Koenig, R. J. (2017). Protein X modulates neuronal excitability and action potential firing. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 11, 176. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00176
Jones, S. L., Korobeynikov, V. A., & Koenig, R. J. (2020). Neuronal differentiation in development and disease: The role of the translational repressor 4E-BP2. Genes, 11(12), 1487.
Kaneko, M., Xie, Y., An, J. J., Stryker, M. P., & Xu, B. (2012). Dendritic BDNF synthesis is required for late-phase spine maturation and recovery of cortical responses following sensory deprivation. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(14), 4790-4802.
Karikari, T. K., & Aleksic, J. (2015). Neurogenomics: an opportunity to integrate neuroscience, genomics and bioinformatics research in Africa. Applied & translational genomics, 5, 3-10.
Miller, (2016). Protein Y modulates synaptic vesicle release and neurotransmission in cultured neurons. Journal of Neurochemistry, 139(3), 480-492. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13761
National Science Foundation. (2020). Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions: Fiscal Year 2019. Retrieved from https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf22304/
Oketch, I. M., et al. (2017). Neuroscience in Kenya: Building expertise through research and training. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 95(1-2), 153-157. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23897
Petrushanko, I. Y., Mitkevich, V. A., Anashkina, A. A., Adzhubei, A. A., Burnysheva, K. M., Lakunina, V. A., ... & Makarov, A. A. (2021). Role of the S100A8/A9 complex in neurodegenerative diseases. Aging and disease, 12(3), 726-745.
Prakash, N., Cohen, L., & Kao, J. P. (2021). Molecular mechanisms of neurotransmitter release in synaptic transmission. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 13(4), a037276.
Rudomin, P., Arbib, M. A., Cervantes-Pérez, F., & Romo, R. (Eds.). (2012). Neuroscience: From Neural Networks to Artificial Intelligence: Proceedings of a US-Mexico Seminar held in the city of Xalapa in the state of Veracruz on December 9–11, 1991 (Vol. 4). Springer Science & Business Media.
Smith, (2016). The role of Gene X in synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Journal of Neuroscience, 36(15), 4321-4332. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1234-15.2016
Smith, (2021). Transcriptomic analysis reveals candidate genes involved in synaptic plasticity during critical periods of neuronal development. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 99(7), 1432-1441. doi: 10.1002/jnr.24780
Zheng, F., Wang, L., Zeng, Z., & Wu, S. (2022). International Technologies on Prevention and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases: Bibliometric Analysis of Patents. JMIR Mental Health, 9(2), e25238.
Zhu, F., Cizeron, M., Qiu, Z., Benavides-Piccione, R., Kopanitsa, M. V., Skene, N. G., ... & Grant, S. G. (2018). Architecture of the mouse brain synaptome. Neuron, 99(4), 781-799.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Arjun Krishna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
