WHY GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL POPULATIONS SUPPORT MEGA SPORTING EVENTS: A CASE OF THE FIFA 2022 WORLD CUP IN QATAR

Authors

  • Nasser AL-Dosari Khalifa Brunel University London

Keywords:

FIFA World Cup, Impact perceptions, Structured Equation Modelling, Factor analysis, Income Level, Life Quality perceptions, Mega Sporting Events.

Abstract

Purpose: This research aimed at finding out the various reasons that encourage governments and their citizens to support the hosting of mega sporting events.

Methodology: The research employed a quantitative design through the use of questionnaire that incorporated a case study on the government and the local population of Qatar in the context of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar. This design was further enhanced by the use of the causal effect of social exchange theory to analyse the aims of the research. The study relied on a sample size of 61 respondents out of the 100 target population who were randomly sampled. The quantitative data collected was analysed using the SPSS version 25 for data analysis through the use of descriptive statistics. Further data analysis was conducted using factor analysis and structural equation modelling. A Cronbach's reliability test of internal consistency of the questionnaire used was conducted followed by the estimation of the descriptive statistics as well as the variance inflation factor (VIF) tests for collinearity backed with a Pearson's correlation test.

Findings: The impact perceptions were found to influence positive support for mega sports events with variations in income levels and life quality.  

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended further studies to be conducted on the individual factors that form the impact perceptions of mega sports events. The study provides policy makers with empirical evidence that may be relied on in policy making to ensure positive influence on impact perceptions that encourage governments and local populations to support hosting mega sporting events. Further, the recommendation of the study provides a research gap and empirical evidence that future researchers can rely on in studying the individual factors that form the impact perceptions of mega sports events.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Nasser AL-Dosari Khalifa, Brunel University London

Post Graduate Student (PhD)

References

Antoniou, A. (2011). Resident Perceptions toward the Social Impacts of a Mega Sport-Event: The case of Fdration Internationale de Basketball (FIBA) EuroBasket 2011 in Vilnius, Lithuania. Arizona State University.
Ritchie, B. W., Shipway, R., & Cleeve, B. (2009). Resident perceptions of mega-sporting events: A non-host city perspective of the 2012 London Olympic Games. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 14(2-3), 143-167. DOI: 10.1080/14775080902965108
Bryant, F. B., & Yarnold, P. R. (1995). Principal-components analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications: pp 3-24.
Dorsey J.M. (2012). Human Rights Group Denounces Qatari Exploitation of World Cup Workers. 2012. Fair Observer. https://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/human-rights-group-denounces-qatari-exploitation-world-cup-workers/.
Fredline, E., & Faulkner, B. (2000). Host community reactions: A cluster analysis. Annals of tourism research, 27(3), 763-784. Doi: 10.1016/s0160-7383(99)00103-6.
Gibson PhD, H., Karadakis PhD Student, K., Walker PhD, M., Thapa, B., Geldenhuys PhD, S., & Coetzee PhD, W. (2016). Quality of Life as a Mediator between Event Impacts and Mega Event Support among South African residents: the 2010 FIFA world cuptm.
Gursoy, D., & Kendall, K. W. (2006). Hosting mega events: Modelling locals' support. Annals of tourism research, 33(3), 603-623.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis 7th Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. New Jersey. Humans: Critique and reformulation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 87, 49-74.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Uppersaddle River.
.Grix, J., & Lee, D. (2013). Soft power, sports mega-events and emerging states: The lure of the politics of attraction. Global society, 27(4), 521-536. DOI: 10.1080/13600826.2013.827632
Kim, C., & Kaplanidou, K. (2019). The Effect of Sport Involvement on Support for Mega Sport Events: Why Does It Matter? Sustainability, 11(20), 5687. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205687
Lenskyj, H. (2000). Inside the Olympic industry: Power, politics, and activism. Suny Press.
Ling, C. (2007). Mega-events and infrastructure improvements: The Case of the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2020, from https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/search/publication/1325053
Malfas, M., Theodoraki, E., & Houlihan, B. (2004, September). Impacts of the Olympic Games as mega-events. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Municipal Engineer (Vol. 157, No. 3, pp. 209-220). Thomas Telford Ltd. doi:10.1680/muen.2004.157.3.209.
Mangan, J. A., Kim, H. D., Cruz, A., & Kang, G. H. (2013). Rivalries: China, Japan and South Korea-memory, modernity, politics, geopolitics-and sport. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 30(10), 1130-1152.McGehee, Nancy G., and Kathleen L. Andereck. "Factors predicting rural residents' support of tourism." Journal of travel research 43, no. 2 (2004): 131-140.
Nunnally, J. (1978). Psychometric methods. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.

Perić, M. (2018). Estimating the perceived socio-economic impacts of hosting large-scale sport tourism events. Social Sciences, 7(10), 176.
Public Radio International. (2020). Why Does Qatar Even Want To Host The World Cup? Pure Vanity. 2020. https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-06-12/locations-some-international-sporting-events-raise-plenty-questions.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Jaafar, M., Kock, N., & Ramayah, T. (2015). A revised framework of social exchange theory to investigate the factors influencing residents' perceptions. Tourism Management Perspectives, 16, 335-345. doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2015.10.001.
Ritchie, J. B., & Smith, B. H. (1991). The impact of a mega-event on host region awareness: A longitudinal study. Journal of travel research, 30(1), 3-10.
Rocha, C. M., Barbanti, V. J., & Chelladurai, P. (2017). Support of local residents for the 2016 Olympic Games. Event Management, 21(3), 251-268.
Waitt, G. (2005). The Sydney 2002 Gay games and querying Australian national space. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 23(3), 435-452.

Downloads

Published

2020-08-15

How to Cite

Khalifa, N. A.-D. (2020). WHY GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL POPULATIONS SUPPORT MEGA SPORTING EVENTS: A CASE OF THE FIFA 2022 WORLD CUP IN QATAR. Journal of Public Policy and Administration, 5(1), 62 – 81. Retrieved from https://www.iprjb.org/journals/index.php/JPPA/article/view/1118

Issue

Section

Articles